Hydrogen is a clean secondary energy carrier. Hydrogen fuel cell has the advantages of high energy conversion rate, low noise and zero emission. Hydrogen is a bridge between renewable energy and traditional fossil energy. Through hydrogen energy and fuel cells, we can realize the vision of clean energy utilization and transformation in the future. The major developed countries in the world attach great importance to the development of hydrogen energy. At present, hydrogen energy and fuel cells have been initially commercialized in some fields. The research and commercialization of hydrogen fuel cells and fuel cell vehicles have developed rapidly in Japan, the United States and Europe. They continue to innovate in hydrogen production, hydrogen storage and hydrogen utilization. In terms of hydrogen energy and fuel cell, China follows the pace of the developed countries in the world. However, the imperfection of the domestic hydrogen energy and fuel cell industry chain leads to high battery costs. Therefore, we should strengthen the research of key materials, realize the industrialization and localization of core materials and components, establish production lines, and complete the industrial chain as soon as possible. China has deployed complete vehicles, systems and stacks in the hydrogen energy and fuel cell industry chain, but there are still few companies related to fuel cell components, especially basic key materials and components, such as proton exchange membranes, carbon paper, catalysts, air compressors, hydrogen circulation pumps, etc. Although domestic companies have begun to involve, compared with international advanced products, there is still a big gap in reliability and durability, and most key components still rely on imports. In addition, the high cost of hydrogen production and transportation, the imperfection of infrastructure such as hydrogen refueling stations, as well as the imperfection of technical standards and detection systems, all limit the development of fuel cell vehicles. The development path of fuel cell vehicles in China should drive the construction of hydrogen refueling stations through commercial vehicles to reduce the cost of hydrogen and fuel cells; Develop the industrial cluster of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and promote the development of the whole industrial chain. In terms of safeguard measures and policy requirements, we need to strengthen top-level design and comprehensively plan the development path of hydrogen fuel cells; Strengthen R&D investment to ensure that core technology is independent and controllable; Coordinate the industrial layout and guide the coordinated development of the industrial chain; Strengthen the formulation of standards and support technological progress and industrial development. This paper analyzes the structure of hydrogen energy industry chain at home and abroad and the development status of hydrogen fuel cell, analyzes the development status and problems of hydrogen energy and fuel cell in China from the aspects of industrialization and technology, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the development of hydrogen energy and fuel cell in combination with the characteristics of technology and industry, and makes prospects for the development of hydrogen energy and fuel cell in China.
